To what extent can nature-based solutions (NbS) or animal-aided design (AAD) contribute to urban planning in large dense town’s sustainable development?

Master’s thesis by Elies Horemans

Supervised by:
Prof. Dr. Jakob Beetz
Prof. Dr. Michael Leuchner

Keywords:
Urban Animal Design, Nature-based Solutions, Urban Ecological Networks, Internet of Nature, Animal Aided Design.

Thesis Abstract

Amid growing urbanisation and an escalating climate crisis, how can Large dense towns not only sustain biodiversity but actively foster it? This thesis proposes an integrative design model that positions animals as key stakeholders in urban development. By combining Animal-Aided Design (AAD) with Nature-based Solutions (NbS), and embedding both into the frameworks of Urban Ecological Networks (UEN) and the Internet of Nature (IoN), the project introduces a novel approach to rewilding urban spaces.

Focusing on large dense towns, the Belgian municipality of Heist-op-den-Berg was the main topic of this research explores on how ecological resilience can be embedded in spatial planning across multiple density typologies ranging from dense cores to rural areas. Nine taxonomic groups of priority species were identified, and their habitat needs translated into spatial actions. Using GIS-based mapping, historical land-use analysis, water quality assessments, and ownership data, a layered masterplan was created across three zoom levels. Visual strategies such as puzzle-piece integration, section diagrams, and decision-making trees accompany a comprehensive design toolbox with cost estimations and phased implementation.

This thesis not only offers scientifically grounded strategies for biodiversity enhancement but also emphasizes public participation, policy relevance, and digital innovation. It provides a clear roadmap for municipalities, planners, and designers seeking to transform urban environments into thriving ecosystems where both people and wildlife flourish together.